use of plastics in iron ore sintering in Thailand

Application of deep learning in iron ore sintering process: a …

The sintering process is an intricate system with a protracted process flow. The steps in the manufacturing line are primarily composed of the ingredients and …

Iron Ore Sintering: Raw Materials and Granulation

F. Verdeja (2017) Iron Ore Sintering: Raw Materials and Granulation, Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 38:1, 36-46, DOI: 10.1080/08827508.2016.1244059

Application of deep learning in iron ore sintering process: a …

In iron ore sintering, the granulation process is the first and an important step. As the fine particles adhere to the coarse coke particles, the NOx emission generated from coke combustion may be ...

Quantitative Analysis of Crystalline Minerals in Iron Ore Sinter …

Quantitative analysis of crystalline minerals in iron ore sinter such as hematite, magnetite and quaternary calcium ferrite was established by means of the X-ray internal standard method. The present method permits the analysis of sinter minerals with higher accuracy than the conventional method because of the following procedures: (1) use of the …

Ore Sintering

Sintering emissions and their mitigation technologies. L. Lu, ... X. Li, in Iron Ore, 2015. 18.1.1 Key gaseous emissions from sinter plants. Iron ore sintering is a material preparation process employed worldwide in the production of iron and steel. According to statistical data on pollution, sintering plants rank second in terms of toxic …

Plastic Waste Material Flow Analysis for Thailand

10 districts (of 247 in total) account for 51.7% of the total exposed mismanaged plastic waste in the high-priority catchments. These are all situated in or …

Recent progress in sustainable and energy-efficient …

Iron ore sinter plants are energy-intensive components of integrated iron and steel production (see Table 1), where the iron ore fines (<5 mm) are converted into …

Thailand's Plastic Waste Conundrum | Heinrich Böll …

Despite the Thai government's ban of four more types of single-use plastics in 2022, up to 250,000 tonnes of imported plastic waste from other nations continues to flow into the country annually through the international plastic waste trade. Thailand is trying to stay the course with …

Application of the Fuller–Thompson equation in sinter blend …

The earliest granulation studies focused on understanding the influence of parameters including moisture, drum speed and residence time on granulation effectiveness. 3,4 The major constituent of sinter blends is iron ore; Litster and Waters 1 conducted the initial studies on the impact of particle size distribution (PSD) on the …

Recent advances in iron ore sintering

Abstract. Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. Owing to the depleting reserves of traditional high grade iron ore, there have been considerable changes in iron ore resources available throughout the world, especially in steel mills in East Asia.

Iron Ore Sintering: Raw Materials and Granulation

ABSTRACT. Sintering is an agglomeration process that fuses iron ore fines, fluxes, recycled products, slag-forming elements and coke. The purpose of sintering is to obtain a product with suitable composition, quality and granulometry to be used as burden material in the blast furnace.

Advances in Sintering and Pellet Technology

The objective of iron ore agglomeration is to generate a suitable product of granules in terms of thermal, mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. Sintering and pelletization processes are largely influenced by the source of iron ore and the way in which the beneficiation flowsheet is adopted.

Operational and environmental assessment on the use of charcoal in iron

DOI: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2015.04.015 Corpus ID: 154450255; Operational and environmental assessment on the use of charcoal in iron ore sinter production @article{Abreu2015OperationalAE, title={Operational and environmental assessment on the use of charcoal in iron ore sinter production}, author={Guilherme Correa Abreu and …

Examining low nitrogen oxides combustion in iron ore sintering

Nitrogen oxides in iron ore sintering2.1. Emission characteristics. It has been determined that it is almost impossible to replicate technologies of low NOx combustion from other industries for iron ore sintering. Sintering is distinct from a coal-fired furnace, as it involves the three-way coexistence of gas, solids, and liquids.

Evaluation of iron ore fines from the viewpoint of their …

Sinter plants currently have to use many types of ores with different properties owing to the great demand for iron ores, which was driven by the massive growth in Chinese iron and steel industry. On the other hand, the development of iron ore mines is limited and the quality of iron ores is in a tendency of deterioration.

Super-high bed sintering for iron ores: inhomogeneous

The inhomogeneous sinter properties in super-high bed sintering have been reported in our previous research. To investigate the reasons for the inhomogeneous phenomena, detailed sampling and analysis of mixed material bed and sintered bed in super-high bed sintering plant were executed. The results indicated that the higher …

Application of deep learning in iron ore sintering process: a …

The sintering process is an intricate system with a protracted process flow. The steps in the manufacturing line are primarily composed of the ingredients and mixing process, the sintering operation process, and the treatment of the sintered ore [39, 40].2.2 Important parameters and characteristics of sintering process. As shown in Fig. 2, all …

Sintering

The sintering process can be defined as a thermal agglomeration process that is applied to a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, fluxes, slag-forming agents, and solid fuel (coke) with the objective of obtaining a product with the suitable characteristics (thermal, mechanical, physical, and chemical) to be fed to the …

Recycling of steel plant mill scale via iron ore sintering plant

Thus, recycling it through the sintering process helps in the saving of raw materials like iron ore and limestone. This paper presents preliminary findings of a study that investigates the potential for recycling steel mill scale in the sintering process. Experiments were conducted using the mill scale in sinter making from 0 to 70 kg/t of …

Recent progress in sustainable and energy-efficient technologies …

Iron ore sinter plants are energy-intensive components of integrated iron and steel production (see Table 1), where the iron ore fines (<5 mm) are converted into larger (>5 mm) lump sinter cakes with greater gas permeability, which are the most important burden materials for iron making in blast furnaces (BFs) [7].The main process is shown …

Sintering

Debinding and sintering of metal injection molding (MIM) components. S. Banerjee, C.J. Joens, in Handbook of Metal Injection Molding (Second Edition), 2019 7.4.1 Sintering definitions. Sintering is a term used in many industries. The current author's (S.B.) first contact with the term was in an extractive metallurgy class where students learnt about …

Effect of bed shrinkage on iron ore sintering process

Iron ore sintering entails high energy consumption and also produces significant pollution, responsible for the highest share of CO 2 emission, as well as SO 2 and NOx emissions, in the iron and steel production processes. 5 The SO 2 and NO X emissions from this process account for ∼70% and ∼40% of the total iron and steel …

The use of ammonium sulfate as an inhibitor of dioxin synthesis in iron

The main air pollutants in the sintering process of iron ore are polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and harmful dust. Ore sintering on sinter strands is one of the first technology steps in the ironworks. It is a process in which iron ore is crushed, subjected to annealing and mixed with …

Recent advances in iron ore sintering

Abstract. Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. Owing to the depleting reserves …

(PDF) Iron Ore Sintering: Quality Indices

Sinter plants process a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, slag-forming agents and solid fuel (coke) with the finality of obtaining a product with the suitable ...

Influencing mechanism of Al2O3 on sintered liquid phase of iron ore …

The sintering behaviour of ore fines under different Al2O3 content and different alkalinity was studied by DSC–TG method. The reaction kinetics of the sintering process was calculated. Simultaneously, the experimental products were analysed by microscopic analysis. The effects of different content of Al2O3 and alkalinity on the …

Reductants in iron ore sintering: A critical review

Moreover, the conventional iron making unit, i.e. blast furnace requires the raw material in the form of iron oxide with a size range of 10–120 mm. Sintering is the oldest agglomerate thermal process using iron ore mineral fines of 0.5–8 mm, along with the reductant, fluxes, and other byproducts of the iron and steel industry operated ...

Quantifying the composite microhardness and fracture toughness of iron

Microindentation testing was undertaken on sinter phases in iron ore sinter to determine the range and mean of phase/morphology microhardness. The mean fracture toughness of each sinter phase/texture was calculated from indent-associated radial cracks. A value for the composite microhardness (CH) and composite fracture …

Disposal of zinc extraction residues via iron ore sintering

Zinc extraction residue, a solid waste generated from the treatment of zinc-containing dust in rotary kilns, is commonly stockpiled in steel companies for extended periods. It poses significant disposal challenges and environmental pollution risks. So far, research on the treatment of zinc extraction residues has been slow, inadequate, and …