ore chlorination image

Chlorination of niobium and tantalum ore

The reaction of chlorine alone with an ore of Nb and Ta components (called direct chlorination), even though thermodynamically unfavourable in equilibrium …

Upgrading Titanium Ore Through Selective Chlorination …

To develop a simple and effective process for upgrading low-grade titanium ore (ilmenite, mainly FeTiO3), a new selective chlorination process based on the use of calcium chloride (CaCl2) as the chlorine source was investigated in this study. Titanium ore and a titanium ore/CaCl2 mixture were placed in two separate crucibles inside a gas …

Mechanism and application of the ore with chlorination …

In this paper, the chlorination agents used in the process of chlorination metallurgy were summarized as gaseous chlorination agents and solid chlorination …

Mechanism and application of the ore with chlorination …

Chlorination enables the conversion of Li from spent LIBs to the gas phase during the smelting process. In this paper, the effects of four solid chlorinating agents …

Winning the Metal: Ore Mills of the West

After roasting the ore chlorine compounds, acids, and attending chemicals were used in large vats with the ore to obtain a gold chloride solution that was then precipitated. Chlorine gas was usually made at the site and depending on labor, fuel, efficiency and chemical costs, the chlorination process could be as effective as amalgamation.

Roasting in Metallurgy

In metallurgy, the operation of roasting, as a preliminary to chlorination, has for its object the expulsion of the sulphur, arsenic, antimony and other volatile substances existing in the ore, and the oxidation of the metals left behind, so as to leave nothing (except metallic gold) which can combine with chlorine when the ore is subsequently …

Leaching behavior of metals from chlorinated limonitic …

The selective chlorination of the reduced ore was carried out in a muffle electric furnace. As an experimental procedure, 20.00 g reduced ore was mixed with a calculated amount of ferrous chloride tetrahydrate in a ceramic crucible with a cover and then roasted in the furnace for pre-set time at 460 °C which is the optimum temperature …

Production of High-Grade Titanium Dioxide Directly from Titanium Ore

In order to produce high-grade titanium dioxide (95% TiO2) directly from a titanium ore using titanium scrap and iron chloride waste, chlorine recovery and selective chlorination processes were investigated. The mixture of titanium scrap and ferrous chloride in carbon crucible and titanium ore in quartz crucible were placed inside gas …

How to Leach Gold Ore With Chlorination

The use of chlorine is both the cheapest and most plentiful method for leaching gold. When you mix sodium chloride and …

Mechanism of fluidized chlorination reaction of Kenya …

As a part of optimizing operation for a domestic plant, a laboratory study on the carbochlorination rates of Kenya natural rutile ore was carried out with coke as the …

Simultaneous extraction of gold and zinc from refractory …

A novel process based on chlorination roasting was proposed to simultaneously recover gold and zinc from refractory carbonaceous gold ore by using NaCl as chlorination agent.

Mechanism and application of the ore with chlorination …

As a very effective metallurgical method for processing complex metal minerals, Chlorination metallurgy has been widely used in the metallurgical industry. In this paper, the chlorination agents used in the process of chlorination metallurgy were summarized as gaseous chlorination agents and solid chlorination agents. the …

A comparative study on the chloride effectiveness of …

For selective chlorination of FeO in ilmenite ore, it was found that the purity and yield of the synthetic rutile were determined by the input amounts of coke and chlorine.

Direct Extraction of Nickel and Copper from Low-Grade …

A new extraction technology of chlorination roasting with a mixture of MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O and NaCl was investigated to co-extract nickel and copper from low-grade nickel ores. The effects of some key factors on the extraction of nickel, copper, and iron were studied, and the results show that,when the roasting temperature is 850°C, the roasting …

A Study on the Roasting Process for Efficient Selective Chlorination …

In the past, high-purity TiO 2 and Ti metal were produced from high-grade TiO 2 ores such as rutile using a chlorination-based process. However, the decrease of rutile ore reserves increased its price and resulted in non-steady supply, making the above process not economically viable and necessitating the search for suitable alternatives, …

A chlorination roasting process to extract rubidium from …

A chlorination roasting process was proposed to recover rubidium from the distinctive rubidium-containing kaolin ore. The rubidium ions which existed in the alumina octahedron of the phyllosilicates structure could be extracted effectively by using CaCl 2 as chlorinating reagent due to formation of Ca(Al 2 Si 2 O 8) phase in the chlorination …

Minerals, slags, and other feedstock for the production of …

This way, the Tellnes ore is upgraded from about 18 to about 44% wt. TiO 2. Download: Download full-size image; Figure 3.3. Typical microstructure of hemo-ilmenite. Hematite pale gray lamellae interpose with shady ilmenite in the same ore particles. Silicate minerals are dark gray. Sample from RTFT, Lac Tio mine, Quebec, Canada.

The extraction of tin (Sn) from primary tin ore deposits using …

It was concluded that oxidative wet chlorination could be used to recover tin from its primary ore deposits. Effect of temperature on the Sn percentage of extraction. Effect of HCl concentration ...

Chlorination of niobium and tantalum ore

Chlorination of the niobium and tantalum ore concentrateThe overall composition of the mineral indicates that ca. 82 wt% corresponds to oxides with a high thermodynamic stability in chlorine atmosphere, as shown in Fig. 2. In fact, chlorination reactions of oxides of Nb, Ta, Ti, Al and Si have very positive standard free-energy …

Extraction of Copper and Nickel from Low-Grade Nickel Sulfide Ore …

Low-temperature roasting, selective decomposition and water-leaching were used to extract nickel and copper from low-grade nickel sulfide ore with highly alkaline gangue. The effects of variable factors, such as the dosage of roasting additives, the ore particle size, roasting time and roasting temperature, selective decomposition …

Removal of Fe from Ilmenite Ore Powders Through Selective Chlorination …

To develop a selective chlorination process for ilmenite ores with the aim of attaining a high chlorination ratio of Fe and minimal Ti loss with low activation energy, the kinetics of the selective chlorination of Fe from ilmenite ore powders using a mixture of CO and Cl2 gases in a static bed reactor was investigated. Experiments were conducted …

Pore Evolution in Refractory Gold Ore Formed by Oxidation …

SEM images of raw ore and calcinate at different temperatures: (a) raw ore, (b) roasted at 500 °C, (c) roasted at 650 °C, and (d) roasted at 850 °C. ... based on chlorination roasting was proposed to simultaneously recover gold and zinc from refractory carbonaceous gold ore by using NaCl as chlorination agent. The effects of roasting …

Removal of iron from titanium ore by selective chlorination …

With the purpose of developing a new technology for producing high-grade titanium dioxide (TiO 2), a fundamental study on the selective chlorination of low-grade titanium ore under a high oxygen chemical potential was carried out.The use of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl 4) as a chlorinating agent allowed iron to be directly removed from …

Direct Extraction of Nickel and Copper from Low-Grade …

ore to chlorination agent is 1:0.6, and the ore particle size is 180–200 mesh, the extraction of nickel and copper can reach 83.6% and 81.3%, respectively, but less than 3% of impurity iron enters the leach solution. XRD and SEM were

Resource, characteristic, purification and application of …

2. Resource and market of quartz2.1. Distribution of high purity quartz deposits. The production process of high-purity quartz requires ore deposit raw materials with high grade, which are usually pegmatite quartz and hydrothermal vein quartz (Platias et al., 2013, Zhang and Chen, 2010a).At present, the global distribution of high-purity …

A novel process for simultaneously extracting Ni and Cu …

When the ore was chlorinated under the following conditions: chlorination temperature of 175 °C, chlorination time of 2 h, chlorinating agent dosage of 50% and ore particle size of 80–96 μm, which was followed by water leaching, 92.33% Ni and 89.43% Cu could be extracted, and C Fe was lower than 0.12 mol/L.

Kinetics of selective chlorination of pre-reduced limonitic …

The selective chlorination tests were performed on a horizontal tubular furnace as shown in Fig. 1.The heating zone length of the furnace is 40 cm.An alundum tube with an inside diameter of 25 mm was inserted in the furnace.As an experimental procedure, about 10 g reduced ore loaded on a ceramic boat which was then placed in …

Thermodynamic Consideration of the Removal of Iron from Titanium Ore …

When considering the treatment of Ti ore at a high temperature, the influence of oxygen and H 2 O vapor in the atmosphere, carbon in the system, and impurities in the ore must be taken into account. Especially for the chlorination reactions in a complex reaction system such as the chlorination of an ore, it is necessary to …

Mechanism and application of the ore with chlorination …

Treating ore with chlorination metallurgy is a kind of metallurgical process of comprehensive recovery and utilization of ore resources by means of chlorination …